{"id":24488,"date":"2018-06-14T08:30:04","date_gmt":"2018-06-14T07:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/enhancing-tourist-recreational-amenities-with-urban-trees\/"},"modified":"2024-03-22T17:42:37","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T17:42:37","slug":"enhancing-tourist-recreational-amenities-with-urban-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/enhancing-tourist-recreational-amenities-with-urban-trees\/","title":{"rendered":"How Urban Trees Make Cities More Livable"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Former mayor of Chicago Richard Daley once delivered a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pps.org\/article\/daleyspeech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">keynote speech at the Great Parks\/Great Cities Conference<\/a>, in which he stated that \u201ctrees are contagious and when people experience them, they want more of them and they&#8217;re willing to pay for them because they know they&#8217;re getting something for their money.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;Trees are contagious and when people experience them, they want more of them&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Richard Daley, Former Mayor of Chicago<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6067\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6067\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/case-study\/chicago-riverwalk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28086 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-1024x641.jpg\" alt=\"chicago riverwalk trees integrated into stairs\" width=\"840\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-1024x641.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1-1200x751.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Chicago-Riverwalk-2-1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6067\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trees integrated into a staircase along the Chicago Riverwalk &#8211; planted in the <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/soil-cells\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ArborSystem by GreenBlue Urban<\/a>\u00a0in Autumn of 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>So, if people are willing to pay substantially more to visit an area with large trees than an area with few trees (Daley, 2001), it\u2019s no wonder why the City of Chicago invests millions of dollars each year into their Greenstreets \/ Green Alley program, which (amongst other green infrastructure initiatives) provides funding for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/resource-centre\/process-successful-tree-pit-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">healthy urban tree planting<\/a> projects across the city. In fact, the below findings have been made regarding what people determine mature trees in cities are worth:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$1.60 (\u00a31.20) per person more for a visit to a site that was \u201cmostly treed with some open grassy areas under trees\u201d than for a site with \u201cmowed grass and very few trees anywhere\u201d<\/li>\n<li>$0.99 (\u00a30.75) per person more for a \u201cmowed grass area with scattered trees and some dense woods\u201d<\/li>\n<li>$0.21 (\u00a30.16) per person more for a visit to an area with \u201cmowed grass, scattered trees, and no woods\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although it\u2019s not surprising that there is a willingness to pay more for treed areas over non-treed areas, it is interesting that the more treed \/ forested an area was, the more visitors were willing to pay. And while there were other elements varied across all types of areas that affected determinations, trees and forests always ranked higher than open spaces, bare terrain, children\u2019s playgrounds, and athletic fields (Dwyer et al, 1989).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-29980\" src=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"840\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DSCN6169.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As an example of the attributed income associated with treed areas, more than 2.5 million people visit the Ned Brown Forest Preserve, located north-west of Chicago, each year. It has been estimated that $1 (\u00a3.0.75) per visit can be attributed to the Forest Preserve\u2019s vegetation \u2013 a mixture of scattered trees and forests with mown grass. This would equate to $2.5 (\u00a31.87) million per year.<\/p>\n<p>In Chicago, you&#8217;ll see trees, shrubs, and flowers in the street medians \u2013 not just downtown, but in the suburbs as well. This is a result of the city\u2019s landscape ordinance, which requires developers of everything from office buildings to parking lots to install (and maintain) landscape elements around their property and on the public right-of-way. And <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/when-many-street-trees-start-fail-trees-stratacells-thrive\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the more mature the trees, the greater the results<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Trees can soften the rough edges of a city, calm your nerves and make you feel a little more in control of things<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>As Richard Daley put it in the same address of July 2001, \u201ctrees, a small park, or even a sidewalk bench can soften the rough edges of a city, calm your nerves and make you feel a little more in control of things\u201d. He finished his speech by saying that the City of Chicago &#8220;believes that their efforts to make the city more attractive and livable are generating a big return on investment. That return can&#8217;t always be measured in dollars and cents, but in community pride, spirit and confidence\u201d. Healthy urban trees play an important part of this for Chicago, and they can do for your community as well.<\/p>\n<h2>How do we get large mature trees in dense urban areas?<\/h2>\n<p>Trees, whether they&#8217;re in a busy city or a woodland forest, need four basic things to mature, and three additional considerations when we put them in urban areas.<\/p>\n<h4>1) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/products\/rootspace\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Soil Volume<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/resource-centre\/soil-requirements-healthy-urban-trees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The number one thing that trees need is soil<\/a> &#8211; and that means healthy uncompacted soil that will provide space for roots to grow, not <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/soil-compaction-what-it-means-for-urban-trees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">compacted soil<\/a> and\/or construction debris. And not just any amount &#8211; if we want trees to thrive and mature, they need lots of it. Meaning that the regularly practiced method of providing only the soil within the pavement opening commits the tree to a premature death or a lifetime of infrastructure damage and costly repairs. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/resources\/soil-calculator\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here to learn more about determining how much soil volume a tree needs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4>2) <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/tree-pit-irrigation-aeration-na\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irrigation<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Lack of water and nutrients are the single largest cause of death in newly planted trees &#8211; and this is only compounded in urban areas where <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/often-trees-hard-surface-areas-fail\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">impermeable hardscape surfaces<\/a> prevent water and air from penetrating the soil below. It is essential to incorporate the means to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/importance-deep-irrigation-aeration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">efficiently irrigate a tree pit<\/a> \u2013 especially in the critical first three years.<\/p>\n<h4>3) Aeration<\/h4>\n<p>Less commonly recognized than irrigation but equally as important is aeration. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/soil-aeration-important-tree-health\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Soil and roots need oxygen to live<\/a>. If the root plate of the tree is covered by impervious paving, like most street trees are, vital gaseous exchange in the root zone cannot take place. Appropriate tree pit design should include a means of <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/tree-pit-irrigation-aeration-na\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">facilitating air supply below the surface<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4>4) Drainage<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/signature-tree-drowns-poor-drainage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Waterlogged tree pits can become anaerobic and lead to the death of trees<\/a>. It is essential to ensure that potential drainage issues are addressed early on in your planting scheme.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the four basic necessities above that all trees need, trees in hardscape urban areas need a few more considerations&#8230;<\/p>\n<h4>5) Root Management<\/h4>\n<p>Any tree planting near paved surfaces or utilities should have <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/root-management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appropriate root management<\/a> specified. Depending on what needs to be protected and where it is in relation to the tree, <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Root-Management-Selector-Chart.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">different root management solutions are available<\/a>. Continuous paved surfaces for example, require <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/products\/reroot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roots to be managed downwards<\/a> at least 12\u2033 (300mm) to reduce the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/avoid-root-heave-pavement-damage-caused-urban-trees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pavement heave and other surface root damage<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4>6) Support<\/h4>\n<p>It&#8217;s important to <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/rootball-guying-tree-ties\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ensure urban trees are securely supported<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/products\/arborguy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Underground guying<\/a> is widely preferred for urban environments because it is unobtrusive. Staking and tying are alternatives, but these require ongoing maintenance and when not properly cared for becomes a detriment to the tree.<\/p>\n<h4>7) <a href=\"https:\/\/greenblue.com\/na\/product-category\/tree-surrounds\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Protection<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Depending on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/getting-the-right-solution-above-ground\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">environment the tree will be planted in<\/a>, above ground protection from carelessness and\/or gratuitous vandalism can become critical to tree survival. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenblue.com\/specifying-tree-guards-tree-grates-what-you-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">decision will need to be made whether there is a need for tree grates, vertical guards<\/a>, and other protective measures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Former mayor of Chicago Richard Daley once delivered a keynote speech at the Great Parks\/Great Cities Conference, in which he stated that \u201ctrees are contagious and when people experience them, they want more of them and they&#8217;re willing to pay for them because they know they&#8217;re getting something for their money.\u201d &#8220;Trees are contagious and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3409,"featured_media":24489,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[365,372],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-policy-na","category-urban-trees-arboriculture-na"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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